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India population

India: 1.46 billion people in 2025 (1,463,865,525), 1st of 217 countries and areas — and 1.68 billion projected for 2050.

Population of India, 1960 to 2050: 436 million in 1960, still rising, 1.68 billion in 2050 (projection)
Population of India, 1960 to 2050: 436 million in 1960, still rising, 1.68 billion in 2050 (projection)
Population of India, 1960 to 2050: 436 million in 1960, still rising, 1.68 billion in 2050 (projection)

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Where it stands

In 2025 India has 1,463,865,525 people, which is 17.87% of the 8.19 billion counted across the 217 countries and areas on this site. That puts it 1st by population — nothing else here is larger.

Since 1960

In 1960 the figure was 435,990,338. Since then the population has grown 3.36×, an average of 1.88% a year upward. It doubled at some point along the way — the year it first reached 871,980,676 was 1991.

The projection keeps rising to the end of the data: 1,679,589,259 in 2050, 14.7% above 2025. The highest figure on this page is that last one, so no peak has been reached yet.

The ranking in 2050

In 2050 the projected rank is 1st, the same place as today. Rankings move when other countries grow faster or slower, not only when India changes.

People and land

India covers 2,973,190 km² of land, so 2025 density is 492 people per km² — 25th most crowded of 216 places with an area figure. At that density a square 10 km on a side holds about 49,236 people.

The fertility rate was 1.96 births per woman in 2024, below the roughly 2.1 needed to keep a population steady without migration; life expectancy at birth was 72.2 years (2024); 24.2% of people were under 15 and 7.4% were 65 or older (2025); 36% of the population lived in cities. These shape the curve above: a young population keeps growing after fertility falls, an old one starts shrinking sooner.

How the numbers are taken. Total population from the World Bank's population estimates and projections (built from United Nations and national statistics). Values to 2025 are estimates; 2026–2050 are projections that continue current fertility, mortality and migration trends. Sources and limits.

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