Spain population
Spain: 49.4 million people in 2025 (49,355,143), 32nd of 217 countries and areas — and 45.7 million projected for 2050.
Compare Spain with another country
Where it stands
In 2025 Spain has 49,355,143 people, which is 0.6% of the 8.19 billion counted across the 217 countries and areas on this site. That puts it 32nd by population, behind Uganda and ahead of Algeria.
Since 1960
In 1960 the figure was 30,455,000. Since then the population has grown 1.62×, an average of 0.75% a year upward. It has not yet doubled since then.
The population peaked in 2025 at 49,355,143, and it has not fallen since. By 2050 the projected total is 45,726,000, 7.4% below the 2025 figure.
The ranking in 2050
In 2050 the projected rank is 47th, down 15 places from 32nd. Rankings move when other countries grow faster or slower, not only when Spain changes.
People and land
Spain covers 499,697 km² of land, so 2025 density is 99 people per km² — 108th most crowded of 216 places with an area figure. At that density a square 10 km on a side holds about 9,877 people.
The fertility rate was 1.1 births per woman in 2024, below the roughly 2.1 needed to keep a population steady without migration; life expectancy at birth was 83.9 years (2024); 12.6% of people were under 15 and 21.6% were 65 or older (2025); 81% of the population lived in cities. These shape the curve above: a young population keeps growing after fertility falls, an old one starts shrinking sooner.
Its nearest neighbours in the ranking are Uganda just above, with 51.4 million (1.04× as many), and Algeria just below, with 47.4 million (1.04× as many as Algeria has).
How the numbers are taken. Total population from the World Bank's population estimates and projections (built from United Nations and national statistics). Values to 2025 are estimates; 2026–2050 are projections that continue current fertility, mortality and migration trends. Sources and limits.